Proton exchange membrane (PEM) electrolyzers have emerged as a promising technology for the generation of hydrogen, driven by the increasing demand for clean and sustainable energy alternatives. These systems utilize a solid polymer electrolyte to separate hydrogen and oxygen ions, facilitating an efficient electrochemical process. This review prov

PEM electrolyzer technology has undergone significant advancements in recent years, driven by the growing demand for clean and sustainable energy solutions. These advancements feature improvements in catalyst materials, membrane efficiency, and system design. As a result, PEM electrolyzers are becoming increasingly competitive for various applicati